Multichannel telegraphy



y 5,1930; F. E. PERNOT 1,170,500

- MULTICHANNEL TELEGRAPHY I Filed Aug. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet l jm/llml a/v F. E. PERNOT 1,770,800

MULTIGHANNEL TELEGRAPH! Filed Aug. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet Z July 15, 1930.

. v L MN w 1 km T qJHHH P hHI LLI JQUM Mame July 151930. I F. E. PERNOT MULTICHANNEL TBLEGRAPHY 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Aug. 4 1926 July 15, 1930. "F. E. PERNOT 1,770,800

MULTICHANNEL TELEGRAPHY File d Aug. 4', 1926 6 Sheets-She et 4 July 15, 1930.

F. E. PERNOT MULTICHANNEL TELEGRAPH! Filed Aug. 4, 1926 (-3 Shegts-Sheet 5 F. EQPERNOT 1,770,800

MULTICHANNEL TELEGRAPHY Filed Aug. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 July 15, 1930.

vfiMM 3 "gamma/ Patented July 15, 1930 mum-:42:

1 means snnnnnrox EUGENE runner, on LONDON, ENGLAND MIIILTICHANNELV rELnGnaPnY Application filed August 4, 1926,S eria'1 No. 127,141, and in' Great Britain August 15, 1925.

The PIGSGDhlIlVGIl'C-lOl'l has reference to methods and devices for operating submarine cables or other telegraph clrcuits 1n sucha way as to permit the operation overa- 5 single circuit of substantially independent channels of communication. Sucha procedure is desirable both from the 'trafiic handling point of view as well as for the reason that in those cases Where the gross signalling in capacity of the cable or circuit is much in ex cess of the speed which can be effectively dealt with either by existing types of appararatusor'the human operators, this excessive speed can be divided into two or more channels each operating at a convenientmoderate speed. i p

The system proposed in the present invention is specially applicable'to thesignalling code. known as recorder or cable code,

but is also applicable to any code wherein all signal or code elements are of equal duration or multiples of some common duration.

The principal feature of the present invention consists in the provision in a synchro- 535 nous, multi-channel system of telegraphy of means whereby the individual channels can be operated at difi'erent speeds.

.A further feature of the inventionconsists in the operation of the several individual -5 channels at speeds which are integral multiplesof some common fundamental speed, or in other words at speeds which constitute vulgar fractions of the gross speed.

A further feature of the invention consists in the provision at thetransmitting end of the telegraph circuit destined to carry the aggregated signals of means for combining the signals of the several individual channels and in the provision at the receiving end of means for the segregation of the aggregated signals into component channels.

Another feature of the invention consists in the provision lIl tneaggregating and also in the segregating mechanisms of a moving member repeating cyclic motions at a speed (frequency) equal to a common divisor of the individual signal speeds in the'separate channels.

Yet another feature consists in the provi sion in the mechanism of a number of sets of selecting devices, the number of sets being equal to the number of circuits operating the mechanism, and the selecting devices infthe several sets being in the same ratio'as the re spective s'peeds of the individualcircuits.

'Another feature 'offthe invention consists in the'provision of a number of sets of trans mitting mechanisms, the number of sets beequal to the number of circuits to be fed and the number of transmitting mechanisms in the several sets being in the same ratio as the-respective speeds of theindividual circuits. r Another feature consists in arranging the transmitting mechanisms 'in such a manner that-they are set up (that positioned) each one by a- 'corresponding selector mechanism 1 so as toftransmitfthe same kind-cf signal as originally actuated the selector mechanism.

Further features consist. in ,causing each i of the selector mechanismsineach set to be actuated in turn by the signal elements present in the circuit supplying the set, and in" providing adjustments enabling the selection to be determined by the kind of signal element present during a short'iinterval of time located as desired vvithin the normal period of time occupied by. a signal element.

Another feature of the invention consists. 1 in the provi'sion-ofmeans for temporarily storing'the signalflelements represented by,

the positioned selecting and transmitting mechanismsand in causing the transmitting mechanisms in each setto send out the signal elements to its circuit atuniformly spaced time intervals. j u 7 Further features of the invention will be apparent from the accompanying description and the drawings, wherein 7 I Fig. 1 shows two series of signals and the details and effect of their combination into a single circuit. v V

Fig. 2 is adapted to illustrate the principal features essential to systems capable of op- 95 crating different channels at different speeds. Fig. 8 shows in detail a type of mechanism adaptedt o Working 'difierent channels at speeds which may be different. Eig. t illustrates a conventional form of ice jockey for holding a moving member in. either of two positions.

5 shows the details of a transmitting key referred to in Figure 3.

Fig.6 shows the usual way of connecting two keys for the transmission of cable code signals.

Fig. 7 shows a mechanical type of select ing mechanism.

Fig. 8 illustrates in end view the deflecting wheels and driving. members indicated in Fig.7.

Fig. 9 illustrates an alternative and camoperated type of selector and transmitting mechanisms, and V i Fig. 10 shows a further alternative mechanism basedupon the use of segmental con ducting slip rings.

Figures 1,2 and 3 are to be considered together in the description of a system for work ing several channels at different speeds over a single circuit. I

In Fig. lat X and C are shown in recorder code the lettersA, B, C, D, etc., the signals C being at one and one-half times the speed of signals X; that is, the speeds are in the ratio 3: 2, for example, signals X at 600 center holes per minute and signals C. at lOO center holes per minute.

Fig. 2 shows schematically mechanisms for combining and separating the two series X and C of signals shown in Figure 1 and Figure3 shows in detail a method of constructing the apparatus depictedin Figure 2.

V In Figure 2,0 and E constitute the terminals of a system delivering signals to receiving system A. The receiving system A is con stituted in this case by a regenerator system such for instance as described in U. S. patent application No. 671,136, and the result of such reception is to deliver perfectly formed signals (as at C in Fig. 1) over leads 5, and also to maintain the shaft and gear 4 running in synchronism with the arriving signals.

For purposes of illustration it is assumed that at the station containing receiver A there is also located a transmitter X which, by means of gears 1, '2, and dis driven in subsynchronism with regenerator A, so that for every 3 center holes received over the cable C there are formed two center holes at transmitter X. Signals from transmitter X are delivered over leads 6, and thus the signals shown at'X and C in Fig. 1 are representative of the signals delivered over leads 6 and 5 respectively in Figure 2. 7

Taking the signal speeds to be 400 center holes and 600 center holes respectively from sources A and X, the greatest common divisor of these speeds is 200, and by gearing 1 and 2 the shaft 4 is driven at this speed. In Figure 2 the signals over leads 5 and6 are delivered to magnets 8 and 7 respectively. In the detailed drawing Figure 3, the shaft 4 represents the shaft 4 of Figure 2, and the leads 5 and 6 of Figure 2 are shown as 5, 5, and 6. 6.respectively in Figure 3. Leads 5 and 6 are for dot currents and leads 5 and 6 are for dash currents; dots and dashes appearing in separate circuits as is well known in the art.

In Figures 2 and 3, shaft carries two discs or members R and It. Pivoted armatures are mounted radially on the faces of the discs as shown in Figure 3 in detail at 6 and 6 and as further indicated at cl and c a and a", and c and 0". Each armature carries a contact as at- 9, arranged to make contact at 10. when, through an agency precisely to be described, the armature is pulled away from the disc. A roller jockey 11 holds the armature in either of its two positions, the jockey being for example of tie usual type shown in Figure 4, comprising a roller 11 pressed by a spring 13 against a projection 12 of the movable armature. All of the armatures are similar, so description of one only sufiices.

The magnet 7 of Figure 3 is fixed-in position (but adjustable as hereinafter referred to) facing the disc B so that when, consequent upon rotation of the latter, the armature Z) passes in front of the magnet poles (the magnet being energized by a signal current) it will be attracted by the latter and pulled away from the disc, thus establishing circuit through contacts 9 and 10; but this attraction and deflection of the armature 6' only takes place when a dot signal is present causing current to flow from leads 6 through the winding of magnet 7. Being deflected,

the armature 6, remains so because of jockey 11 until nearly an entire revolution of the disc R is completed, whereupon the armature 6 passes a restoring member 14 which forces it back into its normal position ready to be again deflected if a signal current is present in magnet 7 at the next instant of passage in front thereof. The restoring mem here 14 and 14: are mounted on the frame 15 carrying magnets 7 and 7", so that the entire system of magnets and restoring members is rotatable as a whole about the axis of the shaft 4, thus enabling adjustment to be made causing the armature to pass in the front of the magnets at about the middle of the time interval of a signal; this being the instant when the signal is leastlikely to be affected by distortion.

\Vhen contacts 9 and'lO, come together current flows from battery or source 16 through slip rings 17 on the shaft t through leads 19, 20, and 21 thus energizing magnet 22 and thereby attracting armature 23' and cansing the pin 24:, engaged with armature 23 to be pushed to the right so as to co-aot with member 25. lVIagnetQQ, armature 23 and pin 24: are all carried on a spider 27 rotated along with the shaft 4. Member 25 is described in Figure 5 and is there shown as a position shown whereby contact is afiected cuit 6 energizes magnet T between its rearward projection 29 and'cone tact stud 31. The pinsQ/l in Figure 5 move in the circular orbit shown, and are those of which one is shown at 24"1n F1gure3 and are arranged so that when tlieyare set into operative position (by armature 23 etc. in

Figure 3) they engage the endoflever 25 and move same downwards, thus causing member 29 to make contact with stud 80. of the portion of the lever engaged by the pins 2a is made equalto 360 degrees divided by the number of pins as maximum but a lesser amount if it is desired to transmit discrete (non-block) signals from: the mechanismf i i Two lreys; one on eitner side oithe disc and each as described in Figure 5 and as. controlled by levers 25; and 25 shown in Figure l are connected to send out cable code signals. The connections are eti'ectod in the usual way indicated in Figure 6, where circuit 33 is fed through the. two keys 29 and 29" fromsource 32. v

In brief, a dot present in cir- Arinature Z) isattracted when it passes-in front Oflllflgnet 7- and closes contact 910;thus energizing magnet 29 and. extruding pin 24 signal being into the way of key lever 95. Armature .because of jockey 11, is heldin deflection for nearly an entire revolution of the shaft l, and hence pin 24 is likewise held in operative position for the'sanie time. and whilst it is so held it ellectsthetransmission of a signal throughthe key attachedto lever 25 asde;

scribed.

. Similarly a dash signal in circuit 6 affects magnet 7, armature-6, magnet. :22". pin 24 and finally lever 25";to cause a'dash to be sent out from the key-attached to lever 25".

VZith reference again to FigureQ, disc R carries two sets of selectors (iii-matures and contacts as described at b and b in Figure 3) namely Z) and (Z, and since the disc rotates at tors a, c, and 6 will be positioned successively by successive signals.

The disc' or frame 27 carries magnets and transmitting pins 4. Z 0 (Z, 6, (being arranged as described at 2?, 22 23', 24 and 26 in Figure 3), and these pins are set up to efiect transmission as described in Figures 3, 5, and 6 by the selectors a, b, 0, (Z, and e respec- The are G later than .U during the time interval m to Signal eles a, Z), 0., (Z and e of the signals 3:. cor-' tively transmission being effected through the key system 25 to leads 36 ands")? and thence over single cable orcircuit38.

Inhigurel the signals at X'and C represent those.delivered fromthe two separate sources to magnets 7 and SITGSPQCiZlVQlY of igure 2; The time, interval between vertical lines mend it represents the time of one complete rotationof shaft 41 in'Figur'e and this time includes precisely two center holes center holes of mg nalsC. The vertical line 0 representsthe o signals and three .is least likely to-distortien and therefore, by

reference to Figure 2 it is found that selector (4 on disc It is directly opposite its magnetS to be in position for selection. (or positioning of its armature) to talrelplace.

it is in order to be able toreadily secure such a condition thatriagnet system 8 is 'made ad ustabl in angularposition about 1 12.1. A "1 n RI! 1;}. c ;4 1D tn soait l ant. disv r s igau lurticr LO a tion of shaft 4 bringssel'ector Z) of disc R opposite its magnet 7, and by reference to ii; is see that instant slightly of signals 'X occur.

, Brieflyy elements-Z and {Z ofsignals X and the signal elements a, c, and e of signals C act toset up the correspondingselectors (6,1 0, Z, and c of Figure 2. Theseselectors in turn set up the correspending transmitting pins 6:," Z1, c,j(Z, and a, which, acting in turn through my syr em send out the series of in lligure 1.. The time interval between VQI" tical lines 3*) and r is time required to transmit the combination of signals and recs d by magnets 'Z and 8 of Figure 2 respond respectivelyto signal elements a, 0, a, (Z, a not the scparate'series X and Q, and torpurpose oi illmstration signals are shown indicating the form which would be.

a medby the combined signals 2?. it no sighal s arising from cable Gin Figure 2 were present.

ysystem 25 of Figure 2 made adjustable in angular iiosition about the shaft l in order that the transmission of any signal elem n-teen beinade to take place during the ,ie tiransni' ing pin is held positioned for such element.

Althoughthe description so far has been based upon the assumption that perfectly formed signals aredelivered to electro-magnets 7 and 8 as shown in Figure 2, as from pable of dealing equally well with distorted that or" vertical line 0 the middle therefore in Fi ure 2 the si nal signals r n nerator A and transmitter X, the arrangement of: the apparatus as shown is casignals. Begenerator A may therefore be dispensed with provided synchronism is maintained in some way between the twoseries of signals which are to be combined and the described apparatus for combinmg. When so used the apparatus accomplishes regeneration of the signals as well as their combination, and it is to be understoodthat the signal sources A and X shown in Figure 2 are only illustrative: the two series of sig-- delivered to the cable 38 in Figure 2 it becomes necessary at the receiving-end 39 of the cable to receive this series of separate the signals into their original form of two distinct series, At 40 is indicated any usual type of receiving apparatus including means for driving the gear wheel l1 synchronously with the arriving signals (say one revolution for each of the elements a, Z), 0,.(Z etc. of the signals in Figure 1). By means of gear 42 the shaft 43 is driven at one-fifth the speed of the arriving signals, which is again the greatest common divisor of. the speeds in the separate channels At 4:6 is a disc similar to disc r in the transmitting; unit except that it carries five selectors a 0- 0 (Z and 0 instead of the two selectors on It; Magnet 45 receives the signals over leads a l from receiver 4-0, and the successive signal elements a, b, 0, (Z and c of signals 2 in Figure 1 therefore operate on the respec tive selectors a 6:, 02, 2, a in @Xectly the same manner as was described in connection with disc R and its selectors Z) and (Z with reference to sigualsX in Figure 1.

At 47 is a disc or frame similar to disc 27 Fteept that only two equally spaced magnet ind transmittingpin mechanisms Z) and (Z .re required. the latter co-acting with key \ystem 48' similar to key system 25. A seccarries three equally spaced end disc ll magnet-operated transmitting-pin mechanisms a 72 and c co-acting with key sys tem as". he several transmitting pins (6 Z c and 0 carried on these two discs l? and 4:7 are set into operative position by the respective selectors (1, 6 0 (Z and c of disc 46. These latter being controlled by the successive signal elements a, b, 0, (Z, and c of the signals 2-} in Figure 1, which latter in turn represent the respective signal elements of the separate signal series X and C of Figure 1, it is apparent that the key n als and.

mechanisms 48 and as" will be operated upon by the transmitting pins so as to send out over leads 49' and 4-9 signals corresponding with the respective series of signals X and O in Figure '1 which'were originally combined]- and introduced into the, single cable 38. 7

The separation into three separate circuits of a combination of three series of signals would require the addition of one more disc similar to discs l7 and 4:7 carrying the appropriate number of transmitting pins.

If cable 38 terminates at an intermediate station where only a process of relaying into another cable is. required, then this can be done to the combined series (2 in Fig. 1) without theneed of separating, which need only be done at the terminus where use is desired to be made of the intelligible separate series of originals. Such series of signals appearing at leads l9 and 19 can thereafter be utilized in any desired manner well known in the art.

Thesystem described in connection with Fig re 3 comprises a number of sets of magnetically operated selectors and their attendnt magnetically operated transmitting mechanisms, each selector controlling a .ting mechanism. If preferred memeans instead of electro-magnetic lized, and one such equivalent is Figures 7 and 8.

gear 50 serves to drive shaft serector disc 52, transmitter disc elector or transmitter disc (as may 53. The general manner of us ng this system is identical with that described in connection with Figures 2 and 3, so the description here is limited to a single transmitter, its controlling selector, and the receiving element which positions the selectors,

Dot signals arrive over leads to excite clectromagnet 56 and dash signals over leads 5 to excite electroinagnet 56. Armatures are operated by the respective elcctroanag ets, and these armatures are we tended in the form of a bell crank by respecrive members (30 and the armatures being pivoted respectively at T5 and held away from the magnets by springs 74: and 74 and having their respective motions limited by stops 58 59' and 58 59. At 63 is a shaft carrying little rotatable wheels 62 and 62 and the ends of armatures 60 and 60 are configured in a fork shape to engage in slots cut in the hubs of the respective wheels 62 and 62 so that motion of the members 60 and (30 under the action of their respective electro-magnets moves the respective wheels 62 and 62 along the shaft 63. The whole of the mechanism so far described, leading to the control of the position of the little wheels 62 and 6?, along their shaft 63 by the signal currents in magnets in 56 and 56, is mounted and '5? on frame 76 .and fixed in space but normally adjustable around the main shaft 61) so that the little wheels 62: and 62 are closely adja-) cent to the. peripheryof the rotating disc 52 which at er carries the selectors designed to act e the transm. ng pins.

.PlVGiL'Qd in the disc 52 isa m t l shaped member-66.-6 6 .67, the pivotbeing at68. A rod 891s p voted to the end of the arm 67 of this member and extends through thehollow shaftbl to the disc carrying the transmitting pin "4'2 and there the rod 69 is attached to one end of lever 70. 'L'ever 70 is pivoted at 2 1 and its other end engages slot 71 of transmitter pin 72% thatnpon motionkof lever pin 72 is pushed out to one side or, the

. otherof' disc'eel so as to engage either one of transmitting key levers 73 and 73. These latter are arranged exactlyaasdescribed in connection with Figures 5' and 6 so that the eflect of pushing pin72 out at one side of the disc-is to send outadot signalthrough the 3, and the effect of pushing agency of lever 7 the pin 72 out at the other side of the disc is tosend out a dash signal through the agency of lever '53; and these positions of the pin 72 are consequent upon'the motions tion of the system52 moving the driver 65,

(or 65) past the little wheel 62 causes the driver to" be forced inward toward the shaft 51 and therefore press back the corresponding end 6601' 66' of the T shaped member. Figure 8 shows an end view of the driver 65, one of the little wheels 62, driver pivot 78 and part 66 of the T shaped lever. The main disc 52 carries the driver 65 and the drawing shows how themotion of the driver 65 past the fixed wheel 62 causes the driver to be forcedin against th lever 66. Again referring to Figure 7, it is seen, therefore, that as described, dot current in magnet 56 attracts armature 57'so'as to cause bell crank G to move wheel 62 in front of driver 65 so that the latter forces back arm 66 of lever 67 thus. *ausing rod 69 to be moved to the" right and transmitting pin 72 to the left,

Similarly current in dash: magnet causes wheel 82 to engage driver 65 and lever 66, thereby causl 68 holds the lever Sr in whatever position wheels 62 and 62n1ay leave it, but in order to ensure that the mech anism is in a neutral po'sitionready to be effected by the nextsignal present in magtransmitting pin 72 to be moved to the left. A friction control at pivot ,arm 69 and pin 72 nets 56 and'56 there is provided a pair of wheels (one of whichris shown-at 77 ure 8 );arranged to act onthe' drivers 1 71/ .l' fal 1 00 s r ar y iii-advance o e slgnaledwb and 62,

l 1g disc 52 other o l-(them acting on its corresponding cle-.

saac-"1 t L rented can 1n; 16111061 to restoresame LO a neutral position.

then driver willbeforced outwards by lever llli and it is upon driver 65 that one 7 of the fixed wheels (77 of Figure .8) will act in restoring .a neutral condition. In Figure 7-is shown a small tie rod or linkfil arranged So. as to prevent both bell cranks 60 and 60" acting at once and thus damaging the appa- 'ratus by causing both of the wheels 62 and 62 to be positioned simultaneously. This nnght also be'accomphshed by using the stops 58,58, 59 and59 electric contacts in conjunctionwitharmatures 57 and 57,"ca using the circuit to each magnet "56 and 57 to be completedthrough the back stop contact, 58"

.or 58; respectively, of the other magnets armature. V y y i ,Except for the dilference in the mechanical arrangement the system described in connectionw1tn F gure 7 lsequivalent to that described in connection with Figure 3. In both cases the manner of receptlon andsegregatlon of the signals, indicated diagram- .matically in Figure ,2 is carried out in the same way, the two or-more selector discs being .replaced by a single disc carrying the total I number of selectors, and the single transmit- These two fixed I distance fromv In this connection, if wheel 62depresses:clr1-*er-65 for a dot signal:

ting disc being replaced by two (or more);

transmitting discs having the total number I of transmitting mechanisms distributed amongst them in the same way asthe selectors aredistributed amongst the several selector discs at the transmitting end of the cable circuit.

A mechanical. equivalent ofthe systems shown in Figures 3and 7 shown in Figure 2, and by the arrangement there shown the necessity of mounting moving. mechanisms in or on the principal rotating member or shaft is avoided. I l

InFigure 9 at 79 and 80ers the two sources of signals, in thiscase, assumed to have speeds in the ratio 2:1; source 7 9 being at double the speed Of source 80. Gearing 84 and 85 120 maintains this exact ratio of speeds, and the sources 7 9 and 80 may either be independent transmitters or, as shown 1n the figure, source 80 may be a transmitter and source 79 a 'receiving system for cable orreceiving'circuit 81. caring 86 and 8'? drives shaft 88 1n synchronism or sub-synchronism with these 1 sources 79. and 80, and has mounted on it a number of cams later tobe described.

Battery 89 supplies in common the local.

79 contact between members 83 and 83" constitutes a dot and between 83 and 83 a dash. Dot current passes from battery 89 by way of lead 90, contact 83, lead 98, lead 105;magnet winding 106, of magnet Pand lead 107 to contact 108 thus completing the circuit through lead 97 when the cam iollower 109 is pressed outwards by cam 104, .and this is arranged so as to take place at about the middle of the time interval occupied by the signal, either having cam 10 1 adjustable upon the shaft 88, or by having the contact system 108 and 109' adjustable about the shaft. Diametrically opposite the contact system 108 and 109 is another contact system 102 and 103 and the next signal emanating from source 79, say another dot, will cause current to flow from battery 89 by way of lead 90, contact 83 and lead 98 to branch lead 99 and thence to magnet 100 returning through lead 101, through contacts 102 and j 103 and lead 97 to battery 89. lhe function of the contacts 102 and 108 is to cause the signals emanating from source 79 alternately taflect either magnet system P and P, or

100 and100 and the kind of signal (dot or dash) emanating from source 79 determines, through contact at 83 or 83 and leads 98, 98, 99, 99", 105, and 105, whether one oi the dot magnets P and 1.00 or one of the dash magnets P and 100 will be acted upon, and the duration of the cam contact, determined by the length of the cam projection de-' termines the duration of the signal impulse delivered to the appropriate magnet.

Similarly, dot magnet 92 and dash magnet 92 are controlled by signal source'80 through the'relay contacts 82 and 82", relay tongue 82,- leads 91' and 92", common leads 90 anc 93, battery 89 and the cam operated contacts and 95, the latter being operated by cam 96 so as to close momentarily at about the middle of the normal time of signal emanating from source 80.

The magnets P and P have two windings 106, 12st and 106", 12 1" respectively arranged so that current in either winding is adequate to operate the armatures 110' and 110". These armatures have a bell crank configuration with projecting levers 111 and 111" respectively, are pivoted at 122 and 122 respectively and controlled by springs 112 and 112 respectively. The subsidiary windings 12 1 and 121' are operated from battery 131 through cam contacts 128, 129, 132, 133, cam 130, and leads 125", 126, 127, through relay contacts 123 and 128 operating in conjunction with the respective armatures 110 and 110 so as to constitute the well known flick and stick circuits so as to retain either of the armatures 110 or 110 after deflection in a deflected position until its flick and stick circuit is broken by the rotation of cam opening its respective cam contact. lhe position of the cam 130 is riod of rotation of shaft 88 and its attached cam 113. The Ffiick and'stick circuits are shown in dotted lines.

(lo-acting with cam 113 is cam follower 114; I

mounted on spring 115 or equivalently. Bell cranks 119 and 119", pivoted at 118 and 118", carry projections 117 and 117 positioned above cam follower 11a in such a Way that when interposed pieces 116 and 116 are pushedforward by their respective lever arms 111 and 111" they are rotated about their respective pivots causing crank arms 119 and/or 119 to move outwards against rearward projections 120 and 120 of key contacts 139. and 139 which latterare pivoted at 121. and 121 respectively. Key contacts 139and 139 operate between their re.- spective contacts 140, 1&1 and 140", 141 as ordinary cable code transmitting keys to send out cable code signals from battery 142 overleadsl hfi main. 2

The magnets 9292 and.100'100 are mounted inrelation to shaft 88 (although for sake of clearness not so shown in the drawing) in exactly the same way as magnets P and P and through additional cams and interposed pieces serve to operate bell,

cranks 1 15, 145", 1 16- and 1 16; also coacting with respective key levers 120 and 120exactly as has been described inconnectionwith magnets P and P. They are also provided with flick and stick? circuits and auxiliary windings to be fed and operated by leads 136, 137, 138, cam 14:7 and cam-contact 132 133 and 13 l-135 in the same way as describedin connection with magnets P and p//.

The mechanism described in' connection with Figure 9 achieves the same result as those described inconnection with Figures 3 and 7. To adapt it to the separation of the combined signals into their component channels the system described in Figure 2 is followed, thereby retaining only one ofthe cams 10 i and 96 but having the three contacts 95, 103 and 109 arranged equidistantly around the single cam. Further in place of the three pairs or" bell cranks 119119, lel5-14l5, and 148-146 acting upon a single pair of keys 120120 there'wouldbe provided two pairs of keys, one pair of which would be controlled by a single pair of bell cranks and the other pair of keys being controlled ointly by the two remaining pairs of bell cranks. Each pair of keys would then deliver the segregated signals over its separate output circuit.

A further equivalent as shown in Figure 10 eliminates the use of cam-operated contacts and makes use of the simply constructed segmental slip rings instead.

In Figure 10, 148 and 1 19 are sources of signals, source 1&8 being at double the speed shown by means of separate arms. v

system N isfcontrolled by brush 162 on slip ring 159 and magnet systems L and M independent windings, one then 1'l0 thus closing the circuit 11'0" of 149." The two sources are niaintainedin synchronisin as by. gearing 150, and the shaft 161 is ClllVGll to the center-holespeed of source l lt).

liver dot signals over leadsl52 and 153 and dash signals oyer leads" 152" and 153Trespe'ctirely over'the circuit shown in full lines a to relay systems L; M. and N, common battery 155 connectedtolead 1 of the key systems completing the relay circuit through lead 156 and the conducting segments 15'? and 158 with the associated brushes 162,163, and 164 of the slip rings159 and'160 mounted on shaft 161. The brushes are preferably made adjustable about the shaft so that they make contact with the conducting; segments at'a-bout the middle of he respecti esignal elements.

The relay systems L, M. and N,'are all identicah eachcomprisingg' dot and da ma net, and each magnet provided with two in dependent electric contacts for e e-mp1s, as :3. Mam

byj brushe's 163 and. 16$ respectively "on slip ring 160. Each magnet provided- 7 windmg and the other to be used-1n association with one armature contact as a flack and Lei stick circuit. All magnet systems being alikeand dot and dash ma ets operating simi1arly, it suihces to describe one magnet alone. l

In the figure the receivingv or initial selector circuits are shown in full-lines,the flick and stick. circuits in dotted lines, and the output or transmitting circuits in dash lines. As sums a dash signal to arrive from source 148 by the completion of the circuit between k y 152 and lead 152". Nothinp' occurs until the conducting segment 158 asses beneath brush 16 i, whereupon main winding 165- of magnet M is energized from battery 155 over-leads 152", 166". 166 and 156. Armatures 169 and 167 are deflected and make contact. respectively at 170 and 168. Closure of contact'168 and armature 1-6? connects battery 180 through resistance 181", lead 179 and lead 175 to the conducting segment M501" slip ring 17 so that the passage of this segment be 183 through leads 18 and 185 0. 1112 11'] magnet winding 186 contacts 169-170,lead 187, the armature 172, 01" dot magnet M, and its back g aring 151 at a speed ed ual hey systems .152 and 153 in the two sources dcith two trom source principles shown in stop 17 3, 188, brush-189 on conducting segment 190 'ofslip ring 191and finally lead 193. The currentthus produced in auxiliary winding 186 of magnet M" hol-dsboth arma tures deflected until the insulating-segment 192 passes beneath brush 189 andthus ope the flier and stick'circui The brush 189 i adjusted around the "slip ring 191 so that this openingof the circuit and consequent release of the magnet armatures takes place sh rtly before conducting segment 15S ar ain passes beneath brush 164 an element arising from source 141-8. lick and stic I circuits of dot and dash magets M andl'd are'c pletcd ih ooth "is back stops oitthei sn 'zuye armatures order to prevent'hotha heingheld n no ition it both should aiccidently be defiectedp; Also resistances 161 and 181" introduced into the battery circuit in order to prevent short c'ircuiting the battery and 169 189-180 if is th armatureslliil should be deflected simultaneously. 7

Thus, in brief, during. one complete cycle of operatio s embracing onesignal element 149 nd two from 148, the brushes 16 iallocate the torso signal elements am the tsree pairs of'selector magnets 3L and L respectively, the deflection of'the nagnet armatures effects connections between batter '186- 180 and the ice.

respective slip ring segments N M and L so to cite-ct the retransmission therefrom of the original at equally spaced intervals three signal elements.

At the other end 0 hined signals into h can be accomohshed the apparatus in of the two slip rings 159 be provided only one a] ..l 162, 163 and 16 1 would be equall S'.&CCl

around it. The slow speed-series would then immediately as available 10m 1 leads 182 and 19 1. For the double-speed riesof signals slip n with two equal segments by on ,ing segment l l 'and lengthening, accordin ti) thepercentage of marking desired, the two segments M and L thelatter then spaced. The double-speed series of signals, would then be av "lahle at terminals 178 and 182. 11" desired, inconneotion with the slow speed channel, another slipring similar to 1? 6, but carry only one conducting seg--, ment connected to lead 191 would proylde means for regulating the percentage of marl:-

ing in thischannelas well. 1n the case of si 'nal soeeds in'the ratio 2:8 for exam-ole.

P ring.

it would be necessary to have a ell corresponding to 176 for each channel; the

one having two and the other three segments.

gust described.

would he 1 ads being equally to effect the selectionoi the next but one sig- 8 1 1,77o,so

It is obvious that, in the general operation of channelsystems as herein described, the

' the controlling member (once for example-as shaft 161 in i igure 10) has been assumed to be cc ual to the reatest' common divisor of tne signal speeos in the respective circuits it is to be noted that the nvention is in no Way lim ted to this particular arrangement. If for example the speed of rotationof shaft 161 in Figure 10 18 made equal to one half the greatest common divisor of the signal speeds in the respective circuits the apparatus will function in the manner described herein and Without any charge excepting that two interconnected diametrically opposite contact segments must be provided in each disc 159 and 160 in placerrespectively of the single segments 157 and 158; the two brushes 63'and 164; must be displaced by an angle 0 90 instead of 180 degrees; two insulating segments must be used in place of the single segment 192, and six diametrically connectec trans mitting segments must be used in place of the three L M and N Alternative charges to those enumerated above can be made to achieve the same eliect.

It will be observed that in a multi-channel telegraphic system such as described the signal impulse speeds bear a fixed ratio one to another; that is to sa the speed of signalling in one channel has a fixed relation to the speed of signalling in the other channel or channels, and this makes it possible to employ continuous electric current, as from a battery, throughou the system. In this respect the system herein described differs from those requiring the employmentof alternating current.

Claims:

1. In a SYDClHOUOuS, multi-channel system telegraphy plurality of signal current gcnerati and distributing devices, means for driving saic devices at different interrelated speeds which are integral multiples some. common fundamental speed, and means for aggregating the signal impulses th several channels in appropriate inter- 1 ways for final utilization.

ln a telegraph system a plurality of channels, said channels Working at erent signal impulse speeds, each ofsaid soeeds an integral multiple of some common fundamental speed and means for aggreting the signals of the several channels.

Ehln a telegraph system a plurality of signalling channels operating at different impulse speeds which bear a fixed ratio one to another, mechanism for aggregating the signals of the several channels, a moving member associated With said mechanism, said member repeating cyclic motions at a speed (frequency) equal to'a common divisor of the individual signal speeds in the separate channels.

a In a synchronous, multi-channel telegraph system a plurality of signal impulse generating and distributing apparatus,means tor driving or operating said apparatus at different speeds bearing a fixed ratio one to anot r, means at any desired station for a regating the signal impulses of the indi- Vic ual channel circuits, sets of selecting devices properly interrelated, the number of such sets being equal to the number of component circuits in operation, the number of selecting devices in the several sets having he same ratio as the respective speeds of inlividual circuits. v

5. lnan electric telegraph system a plurality of signalling channels, said channels Working at different signal impulse speeds, means foraggregating the signals of the individual channels, setsof transmitting mech- 9111s as, the number of said sets equal to the number of the individual circuits and the number of transmitting mechanisms in the several sets being inthe same ratio as the respective speeds of the individual circuits.

6. In an electric telegraph system a plurality of signalling channels, said channels working at different signal impulse speeds, which bear a fixed ratio one to another, means for aggregating the signals of the individual channels, transmitting mechanism, a selector mechanism for each transmitting mechanism, the transmitting mechanisms set up by a corresponding selector mechanism so as to transmit the same kind of signal as originally actuated the selector mechanism.

'TQIn an electrictelegraph system a plurality of signalling channels, said channels operating at difierent signal impulse speeds which bear a fixed ratio one to another, means for combining the signals of the individual channels, a set of selector mechanisms to each channel and each selector mechanism-of each set actuated in turn by the signal elements present in the circuit pertaining to such set.

8. In a synchronous, multi-channel system ofte'le'graphy, a plurality of signal current generating and distributing apparatus, means for operating said apparatus at different speeds bearing a fixed ratio one to another, and automatic means for combining the signals received over the individual signal channels, said means comprising selector mechanism operated automatically by fractions of each signal current.

9. In a synchronous, multi-channel system of telegraphy, a pluralityof signal current generating and distributing apparatus,means for operating said apparatus at different speeds, which are integral multiples of some common fundamental speed, automatic means for aggregating at any deslred polnt or points of the system the slgnal current lmpulses, means such as cables for transmitting the said aggregated signals, means for segregating at'the receiving stations the signal impulses into the appropriate component transmission channels, selector and transmitting mechanism and. means :[t'or temporarily storing the signals prior to ultimate transmission. a.

10. In an electric telegraph system a plurality of signalling channels, said channels Working in synehronism and operating at different signal impulse speeds Which bear a fixed ratio one to another, sets of selector mechanism for each channel, the number of mechanisms in each set being in the same ratio as the respective speeds of the channels, each selector mechanism comprising a unit for each type of signal element and said units operating the transmitting mechanism, there being one transmitting mechanism for. each selector mechanism. 7

FREDERICK EUGENE .PERNOT. 

